This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 15/11. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel.
LON — MBA
17 Oct — 24 Oct1
Return
1 adult
Economy
Return
1 adult, Economy
Cheapflights Tip: The best prices from London to Mombasa Moi Intl are usually found in May or September, booked 33 days in advance, depart on a Sunday or Tuesday and return on a Tuesday
Cheap flight deals from London to Mombasa
Discover tips and strategies to find the most affordable flight options for your journey from London (LON) to Mombasa (MBA). Learn about various techniques such as flexible date searches, comparing prices across and setting up price alerts. Use these methods to find the cheapest flights available for your travel needs. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
Explore the most affordable flight options available from London to Mombasa. Find the lowest fares from popular airlines and budget airlines, with prices last updated on 17 September 2025.
Sat 15/1110:25LGW - MBA
1 stop19h 35mKenya Airways
Sat 20/1204:55MBA - LGW
1 stop28h 30mKenya Airways
Deal found 14/9£502
Tue 23/907:05LGW - MBA
3 stops20h 45mMultiple Airlines
Wed 15/1019:45MBA - LGW
2 stops19h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£515
Tue 23/909:00LGW - MBA
2 stops18h 50mMultiple Airlines
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LGW
2 stops28h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£529
Tue 23/909:00LGW - MBA
2 stops18h 50mMultiple Airlines
Tue 14/1004:20MBA - LGW
2 stops35h 05mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£532
Mon 6/1011:25LGW - MBA
1 stop26h 50mKenya Airways
Wed 22/1020:55MBA - LGW
1 stop12h 00mKenya Airways
Deal found 15/9£536
Tue 2/1206:20LHR - MBA
2 stops16h 15mMultiple Airlines
Wed 17/1221:00MBA - LHR
2 stops19h 50mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£537
Thu 18/911:00LGW - MBA
1 stop27h 15mKenya Airways
Fri 3/1020:55MBA - LGW
1 stop11h 55mKenya Airways
Deal found 14/9£539
Wed 31/1217:25LHR - MBA
1 stop23h 50mKenya Airways
Wed 25/318:00MBA - LHR
1 stop24h 30mKenya Airways
Deal found 15/9£540
Mon 29/911:25LGW - MBA
1 stop11h 34mKenya Airways
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LGW
1 stop28h 25mKenya Airways
Deal found 16/9£540
Fri 26/906:15LTN - MBA
3 stops21h 35mMultiple Airlines
Sat 7/209:50MBA - LTN
3 stops40h 20mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£543
Tue 9/1220:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Mon 15/1217:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 20mRwandAir
Deal found 15/9£545
Tue 23/908:10LTN - MBA
3 stops19h 40mMultiple Airlines
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LTN
3 stops45h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£546
Best flights from London to Mombasa
Discover carefully curated flight deals from London to Mombasa that have cost, travel time, and stopovers in mind to ensure you get the best travel experience. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
Mon 9/317:25LHR - MBA
1 stop12h 35mKenya Airways
Wed 18/321:00MBA - LHR
1 stop21h 30mKenya Airways
Deal found 17/9£501
Thu 22/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Mon 23/317:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 20mRwandAir
Deal found 15/9£545
Fri 26/906:15LTN - MBA
3 stops21h 35mMultiple Airlines
Sun 5/1019:45MBA - LTN
3 stops29h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£555
Sun 30/1110:05LGW - MBA
1 stop15h 30mTurkish Airlines
Mon 15/1205:35MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 35mTurkish Airlines
Deal found 14/9£624
Tue 27/110:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Wed 25/318:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 55mEthiopian Air
Deal found 15/9£630
Sat 4/1008:40LCY - MBA
2 stops14h 19mKLM
Sat 11/1014:45MBA - LCY
2 stops28h 35mKLM
Deal found 14/9£727
Sun 9/1120:15STN - MBA
1 stop21h 15mEmirates
Fri 21/1115:00MBA - STN
1 stop24h 05mEmirates
Deal found 16/9£910
Sat 24/110:25LGW - MBA
1 stop20h 15mKenya Airways
Sun 22/310:20MBA - LGW
1 stop23h 05mKenya Airways
Deal found 15/9£507
Sat 10/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Fri 3/417:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 15/9£545
Thu 8/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Sun 29/317:00MBA - LHR
2 stops18h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 16/9£546
Wed 15/1006:00STN - MBA
3 stops35h 35mMultiple Airlines
Wed 22/1020:55MBA - STN
3 stops26h 30mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£604
Sun 11/110:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Mon 6/418:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 35mEthiopian Air
Deal found 14/9£630
Thu 15/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Sun 29/317:00MBA - LHR
2 stops18h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 16/9£546
Mon 12/110:20LGW - MBA
1 stop12h 15mKenya Airways
Sun 5/420:55MBA - LGW
1 stop11h 55mKenya Airways
Deal found 16/9£606
Tue 20/110:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Mon 6/418:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 35mEthiopian Air
Deal found 14/9£630
Tue 7/1022:05STN - MBA
3 stops31h 25mMultiple Airlines
Thu 16/1020:20MBA - STN
3 stops30h 25mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£643
Thu 8/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Fri 3/417:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 16/9£546
Sun 26/1020:05LCY - MBA
2 stops26h 30mKLM
Thu 6/1109:50MBA - LCY
2 stops26h 00mKLM
Deal found 16/9£762
Sun 28/1210:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Mon 23/318:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 55mEthiopian Air
Deal found 14/9£630
Wed 29/1008:05STN - MBA
3 stops33h 05mMultiple Airlines
Tue 4/1104:55MBA - STN
3 stops21h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£644
Tue 6/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Sun 29/317:00MBA - LHR
2 stops18h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 16/9£546
Wed 29/1007:45LCY - MBA
2 stops22h 15mKenya Airways
Tue 4/1104:55MBA - LCY
2 stops17h 40mKenya Airways
Deal found 14/9£683
Sun 4/110:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Wed 25/318:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 55mEthiopian Air
Deal found 14/9£630
Sun 9/1106:25STN - MBA
3 stops35h 05mMultiple Airlines
Fri 21/1119:45MBA - STN
3 stops23h 10mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£648
Tue 6/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Fri 3/417:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 00mRwandAir
Deal found 16/9£546
Mon 19/110:00LGW - MBA
1 stop28h 50mEthiopian Air
Mon 6/418:45MBA - LGW
1 stop13h 35mEthiopian Air
Deal found 14/9£630
Sat 8/1114:05STN - MBA
1 stop20h 20mEmirates
Sun 16/1114:25MBA - STN
1 stop24h 40mEmirates
Deal found 15/9£928
Wed 3/1207:45LCY - MBA
2 stops22h 55mKenya Airways
Thu 5/204:55MBA - LCY
2 stops17h 40mKenya Airways
Deal found 14/9£697
Mon 6/1019:35STN - MBA
2 stops32h 15mMultiple Airlines
Wed 22/1021:10MBA - STN
2 stops23h 55mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£651
Sat 24/120:20LHR - MBA
2 stops15h 15mRwandAir
Mon 23/317:00MBA - LHR
2 stops16h 20mRwandAir
Deal found 15/9£572
Last-minute flights from London to Mombasa
Discover last-minute flight deals from London to Mombasa. Data last updated 17 September 2025 and is based on user searches.
Thu 18/911:00LGW - MBA
1 stop27h 15mKenya Airways
Fri 3/1020:55MBA - LGW
1 stop11h 55mKenya Airways
Deal found 14/9£539
Tue 23/907:05LGW - MBA
3 stops20h 45mMultiple Airlines
Wed 15/1019:45MBA - LGW
2 stops19h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£515
Tue 23/909:00LGW - MBA
2 stops18h 50mMultiple Airlines
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LGW
2 stops28h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£529
Tue 23/909:00LGW - MBA
2 stops18h 50mMultiple Airlines
Tue 14/1004:20MBA - LGW
2 stops35h 05mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£532
Tue 23/908:10LTN - MBA
3 stops19h 40mMultiple Airlines
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LTN
3 stops45h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£546
Tue 23/907:05STN - MBA
2 stops20h 45mMultiple Airlines
Tue 14/1009:30MBA - STN
3 stops32h 15mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£555
Tue 23/915:00LHR - MBA
2 stops28h 25mMultiple Airlines
Fri 30/120:00MBA - LHR
2 stops28h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£562
Fri 26/906:15LTN - MBA
3 stops21h 35mMultiple Airlines
Sat 7/209:50MBA - LTN
3 stops40h 20mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£543
Fri 26/906:15LTN - MBA
3 stops21h 35mMultiple Airlines
Sun 5/1019:45MBA - LTN
3 stops29h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£555
Mon 29/911:25LGW - MBA
1 stop11h 34mKenya Airways
Thu 29/104:55MBA - LGW
1 stop28h 25mKenya Airways
Deal found 16/9£540
Mon 29/909:40LHR - MBA
2 stops19h 35mMultiple Airlines
Fri 30/120:00MBA - LHR
2 stops28h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 16/9£554
Mon 6/1011:25LGW - MBA
1 stop26h 50mKenya Airways
Wed 22/1020:55MBA - LGW
1 stop12h 00mKenya Airways
Deal found 15/9£536
One-way flights from London to Mombasa
Search for one-way flight options from London to Mombasa. Find affordable one-way fares based on user searches. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
Sat 15/1106:00STN - MBA
3 stops28h 25mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£306
Tue 27/112:05STN - MBA
3 stops29h 05mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£315
Sat 15/1114:00LTN - MBA
3 stops39h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£317
Tue 27/106:35LGW - MBA
3 stops25h 45mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 14/9£320
Sat 15/1106:40LGW - MBA
3 stops28h 20mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£326
Sun 15/306:35LGW - MBA
3 stops25h 45mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£326
Sun 28/921:50LGW - MBA
3 stops32h 50mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 14/9£328
Sun 15/308:10LTN - MBA
3 stops33h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£337
Mon 16/317:20STN - MBA
3 stops23h 50mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£340
Sun 15/308:30STN - MBA
1 stop19h 35mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 15/9£342
Sun 7/1206:35LGW - MBA
1 stop19h 00mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 14/9£356
Sun 28/914:05LTN - MBA
3 stops21h 55mMultiple Airlines
Deal found 14/9£361
Cheapflights Fare Finder
Customise your flight search to find flights from London to Mombasa that fit within your specific budget. Explore options based on user searches and filter the results based on your desired price range. Find flights that match your budget for a cost-effective journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 858,174 searches. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
Use the filters below to find and compare flights from London to Mombasa that are best for you.
Fly from
London
Fly to
Mombasa
Route
Depart
Return
Price
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Mon 9/3
17:25-09:00
1 stop12h 35m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Wed 18/3
21:00-15:30
1 stop21h 30m
£501
LondonMombasa
LGW - MBA
LGWMBA
London Gatwick
Sat 24/1
10:25-09:40
1 stop20h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Sun 22/3
10:20-06:25
1 stop23h 05m
£507
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Thu 22/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Mon 23/3
17:00-06:20
2 stops16h 20m
£545
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Sat 10/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Fri 3/4
17:00-07:00
2 stops16h 00m
£545
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Thu 8/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Sun 29/3
17:00-09:00
2 stops18h 00m
£546
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Thu 15/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Sun 29/3
17:00-09:00
2 stops18h 00m
£546
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Thu 8/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Fri 3/4
17:00-07:00
2 stops16h 00m
£546
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Tue 6/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Sun 29/3
17:00-09:00
2 stops18h 00m
£546
LondonMombasa
LHR - MBA
LHRMBA
London Heathrow
Tue 6/1
20:20-14:35
2 stops15h 15m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Fri 3/4
17:00-07:00
2 stops16h 00m
£546
LondonMombasa
LTN - MBA
LTNMBA
London Luton
Fri 26/9
06:15-05:50
3 stops21h 35m
Mombasa Moi Intl
Sun 5/10
19:45-22:45
3 stops29h 00m
£555
Flights are sorted by cheapest return flights first.
Deals found on 15/9
Showing 1-10 of 60 results
1
2
3
...
6
Best time to book a flight from London to Mombasa
Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Mombasa from London with our price prediction graph.
Estimated return price
Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.
Cheapflights Insights
Everything you need to know about your flight from London to Mombasa
How far ahead should I book a flight from London to Mombasa?
Use this chart to determine the optimal time to book a return flight from London to Mombasa. Price data was last updated on 12 September 2025.
The price you pay for your flight from London to Mombasa may vary depending on when you book. For the best chance of a lower fare, look to book 33 days in advance of your trip. Fares are likely to increase a fortnight or so before your departure date.
What is the cheapest month to book a flight from London to Mombasa?
Currently, May is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from London to Mombasa (average of £745). Flying from London to Mombasa in July is currently the most expensive (average of £1,267). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.
What is the cheapest time of day to fly from LON to MBA?
Find hourly flight availability from London to Mombasa. Discover flight options and departure times throughout the day, allowing you to choose a departure time that suits your schedule. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
It’s optimal to fly from London to Mombasa in the evening. By choosing this option you can save up to 13% on the cost of your flight, compared to a flight at midday.
What is the cheapest day to fly from London to Mombasa?
Use this chart to determine the cheapest time to fly return from London to Mombasa. Price data was last updated on 16 December 2024.
Travellers seeking maximum savings on their London to Mombasa flight should consider departing on Tuesday mornings when fares are most often at their lowest. Monday at midday flights should be avoided if possible as fares are typically the most expensive at this time.
How much does it cost for a return flight from London to Mombasa?
What’s the top stopover airport for flights from London to Mombasa?
Share of one-stop return flights from London to Mombasa chosen by Cheapflights users in the past 12 months, using the same stopover each way.
Nairobi (NBO) – chosen by Cheapflights users on 55% of one-stop itineraries from London to Mombasa on Cheapflights.
What’s the cheapest stopover airport for flights from London to Mombasa?
Average return fare for one-stop flights from London to Mombasa, chosen by Cheapflights users in the past 12 months, with the same stopover each way.
Kigali (KGL) is the most affordable one-stop option, with an average return flight price of £494.
What’s the fastest stopover option from London to Mombasa?
Shortest average travel time for one-stop one-way flights from London to Mombasa, based on itineraries clicked by Cheapflights users over the past 12 months, grouped by stopover airport.
Flights via Nairobi (NBO) have the shortest average one-way travel time for one-stop routes: 12h 53m.
Which airport typically offers the quickest stopover for flights from London to Mombasa?
Average stopover duration for one-stop one-way flights from London to Mombasa, chosen by Cheapflights users in the last 12 months, grouped by stopover airport.
Flights via Istanbul (IST) offer the fastest connection on this route, with an average stopover time of 2h 37m.
Reviews of airlines servicing Mombasa
Get insights into the airlines that provide service to Mombasa. Read reviews, discover amenities, and learn about the overall travel experience offered by airlines. Use this information to make informed decisions when choosing an airline for your flight to Mombasa. Reviews last updated 17 September 2025.
See what other customers who have flown with KLM, Ethiopian Air, andKenya Airways from London to Mombasa have to say. You can also see how each airline compares in terms of entertainment options, comfort, food, crew/service, and boarding process.
Crew and snacks were good, boarding wasn't great as busses were used rather than boarding tunnels. Also endured a one hour delay.
Related info for your journey
Find useful and relevant information for your journey from London to Mombasa. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.
What airport do you fly into for flights to Mombasa from London?
For a flight from London to Mombasa, you will be flying into Moi Intl. Mombasa Moi Intl (MBA) is just 5.0 mi from the center of the city. Moi Intl is the only Mombasa airport and it handles 0 inbound flights from London per day. 9 airlines have flights to Mombasa Moi Intl from London on a regular basis.
How long is the flight from London to Mombasa?
Airlines like Kenya Airways, RwandAir, and Turkish Airlines fly from London to Mombasa in about 12h 35m. The time it takes to get you to your destination can typically vary by up to 2h 55m. London and Mombasa are separated by a distance of 4497 mi. When browsing for deals, the options you’ll see will be for both direct flights and flights with stops.
What are the cheapest airlines flying from London to Mombasa round-trip?
Cheapflights users have booked flights from London to Mombasa round-trip from £380. Other airlines that can offer you cheap pricing are RwandAir, from £383, and Kenya Airways, from £443. Ethiopian Air is currently priced 42% below the average price you’ll pay for this route.
What are the most popular routes from London to Mombasa?
When deciding which route to take from London to Mombasa consider London Heathrow - Mombasa Moi Intl, London Gatwick - Mombasa Moi Intl or London City - Mombasa Moi Intl as they are the most popular.
Where are the most common stopover locations when flying from London to Mombasa?
Of the flights from London to Mombasa that have stopovers, most of them stop in Nairobi. Addis Ababa follows Nairobi in terms of the most common stopover location on London to Mombasa flights.
Where are the least popular stopover locations for London to Mombasa flights?
Flights departing from London and landing in Mombasa stopover in Frankfurt am Main least frequently.
Can I find deals for flights from London to Mombasa that include hotel bookings?
Yes. In addition to deals on London to Mombasa flights, Cheapflights offers holiday packages that include both flights and hotel.
How can I find direct flights from London to Mombasa?
After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from London to Mombasa.
Can I find deals for business class flights from London to Mombasa?
Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from London to Mombasa by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.
What is the cheapest month to book a flight from London to Mombasa?
Currently, May is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from London to Mombasa (average of £745). Flying from London to Mombasa in July is currently the most expensive (average of £1,267). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.
Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip
Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.
Fly from London to Mombasa on these airlines
Choose from the following airlines for your flight from London to Mombasa. Flights are based on user searches made on Cheapflights and were last updated on 17 September 2025.
Explore flights to Mombasa departing from other origins. Flights are based on user searches made on Cheapflights and were last updated on 17 September 2025.
Browse through other flights departing from London. Flights are based on user searches made on Cheapflights and were last updated on 17 September 2025.
Discover the top 9 airlines that operate flights from London to Mombasa. Compare their services, reliability, and customer satisfaction ratings to choose the airline that best suits your travel preferences and needs. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 858,174 searches. Data last updated 17 September 2025.
Find the best flight deals on Cheapflights, where travellers can enjoy low prices and a wide availability of flights to their desired destinations.
How does Cheapflights help users find flights from London to Mombasa?
900+ travel sites are searched through when a user searches for a flight using Cheapflights. From the search interface, users can use filters to choose airlines, airports, flight times, cabin classes and more to their preference. Book your flight to Mombasa from London today with Cheapflights!
Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from London to Mombasa?
Cheapflights helps you find that perfect flight to Mombasa from London by searching from hundreds of airlines and agencies you know and love. We are also free to use, in case you were wondering!
Can Cheapflights find flights from London to Mombasa with no change fees?
Certainly. Search results for flights to Mombasa from London shown to you on Cheapflights can be narrowed down with different useful search filters, which includes flexible booking options.
Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from London to Mombasa become cheaper?
Yes! Start tracking prices for London to Mombasa flights today and get alerted whenever prices for these flights change. To access this feature, click the bell icon next to the flight deals above, which will prompt you for a valid email address to receive your alerts.
100% Free
Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.
Book with Flexibility
Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees
Travel Smart
Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.
We value your privacy
Cheapflights and its partners wish to use cookies or similar technologies to store and/or access information on and about your device and process personal data such as your IP address, device identifiers etc., in order to improve your experience on the site, to analyse navigation, to offer and measure personalised advertising, and to facilitate sharing on social networks. We also allow the use of third-party cookies (including those from our advertising partners) on our sites.
By clicking 'Accept', you consent to your data being processed by 0 vendors on this web site for the purposes described in this notice. You can review the vendors and their individual processing purposes on the .
To review individual processing purposes and cookie categories, please click ’Select individual purposes’. You can review your choices and withdraw your consent at any time by clicking the ’Privacy Preferences’ link in the page side navigation.